See breth on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brethen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "breath"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breith"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "braith"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breath"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "braeth"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "breith"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breith"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "braith"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breath"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "braeth"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "braith"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:brǣþ",
"id": "breath"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰreh₁-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*brāan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-þiz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-þi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*brāþi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"brǣþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"breth\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"breath\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"breth\" id=\"Middle_English:_breath\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brǣþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English brǣþ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brāþi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brāþi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English brǣþ, from Proto-West Germanic *brāþi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brethes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breeth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breeþ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breith",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "braþe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "brethþ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "breyth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breað",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "breth",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brethes"
},
"expansion": "breth (plural brethes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 12 8 8 3 17 6 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 9 7 7 4 17 8 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 0 0 17 17 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Air",
"orig": "enm:Air",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 0 11 7 0 29 0 12 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 19 3 11 7 2 19 2 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of time",
"orig": "enm:Units of time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
38
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
33,
39
]
],
"english": "And when Zephirus with his sweet breath / has inspired in every holt and heath […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:",
"text": "Whan zephırus eek wᵗ hıs sweete breeth / Inſpıred hath ın euerẏ holt and heeth",
"translation": "And when Zephirus with his sweet breath / has inspired in every holt and heath […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Breathing; the act of respiration or an instance of it:",
"Air expelled from breathing."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-rE94EFuc",
"links": [
[
"Breathing",
"breathing"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"Air",
"air"
],
[
"expel",
"expel"
],
[
"breath",
"breath"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 12 8 8 3 17 6 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 15 9 6 6 2 18 3 10 1 1 2 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 9 7 7 4 17 8 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 4 5 5 2 20 4 17 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 77 8 1 2 0 7 0 2 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Life",
"orig": "enm:Life",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 0 11 7 0 29 0 12 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 19 3 11 7 2 19 2 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of time",
"orig": "enm:Units of time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Breathing; the act of respiration or an instance of it:",
"Life (as indicated by breathing)"
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-s7j1R7rB",
"links": [
[
"Breathing",
"breathing"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"Life",
"life"
],
[
"indicat",
"indicat#English"
],
[
"breath",
"breath#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 12 8 8 3 17 6 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 30 3 8 6 3 13 7 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Breathing; the act of respiration or an instance of it:",
"Speaking; a spoken sound."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-6l0hDSan",
"links": [
[
"Breathing",
"breathing"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"Speaking",
"speak"
],
[
"spoken",
"spoken"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 0 11 7 0 29 0 12 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 19 3 11 7 2 19 2 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of time",
"orig": "enm:Units of time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small movement of air:",
"The emission of air from a brass instrument."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-cZ2SLoi3",
"links": [
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"emission",
"emission"
],
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"brass instrument",
"brass instrument"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any small movement of air:",
"A breeze or gale; a wind movement."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-cMKgCzbZ",
"links": [
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"breeze",
"breeze"
],
[
"gale",
"gale"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A short moment; the amount of a breath."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-d6p1DPur",
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"moment",
"moment"
],
[
"amount",
"amount"
],
[
"breath",
"breath"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 12 8 8 3 17 6 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 15 9 6 6 2 18 3 10 1 1 2 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 9 7 7 4 17 8 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 4 5 5 2 20 4 17 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 3 8 8 3 30 3 13 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 0 11 7 0 29 0 12 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 19 3 11 7 2 19 2 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of time",
"orig": "enm:Units of time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Passion, fervour; emotional intensity."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-~I8NbQil",
"links": [
[
"Passion",
"passion"
],
[
"fervour",
"fervour"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"intensity",
"intensity"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Vapour, steam, or smoke."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-TzrYHBza",
"links": [
[
"Vapour",
"vapour"
],
[
"steam",
"steam"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 12 8 8 3 17 6 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 9 7 7 4 17 8 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 4 5 5 2 20 4 17 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 0 11 7 0 29 0 12 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 6 1 3 3 1 5 69 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Smell",
"orig": "enm:Smell",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 19 3 11 7 2 19 2 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of time",
"orig": "enm:Units of time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A smell or odour; an olfactory sensation."
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-Zq8MviJt",
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"odour",
"odour"
],
[
"olfactory",
"olfactory"
],
[
"sensation",
"sensation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/brɛ̝ːθ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/breːθ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛːθ"
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "breth",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "bredthe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of bredthe"
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-eJKUFHX8",
"links": [
[
"bredthe",
"bredthe#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "breth",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "brethe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of brethe"
],
"id": "en-breth-enm-noun-GXJuM43U",
"links": [
[
"brethe",
"brethe#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brithem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tairmbreth"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*britis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *britis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *britis. The declension switched from i-stem to ā-stem by analogy with bert (“bundle”), which is the foundation of the verbal nouns of all derivatives of beirid.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brithe",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brithe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "mbreth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "bretha",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "brithe",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "brithe",
"3": "bretha"
},
"expansion": "breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brith",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "brith+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "bretha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "brith+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "brethaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "brethaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "brith+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "breth+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "breth+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "brithe+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "brith+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "bretha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "breth+L",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "brith+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "bretha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "breth+L",
"voc_sg2": "brith+L",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "carrying, bearing",
"word": "beirid"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of beirid: carrying, bearing"
],
"id": "en-breth-sga-noun-anp2J9IK",
"links": [
[
"beirid",
"beirid#Old_Irish"
],
[
"carrying",
"carrying"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 15 9 6 6 2 18 3 10 1 1 2 15 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 4 5 5 2 20 4 17 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 3 9 9 1 15 3 12 1 1 2 22 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"judgement"
],
"id": "en-breth-sga-noun-qcnMph-X",
"links": [
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reference"
],
"id": "en-breth-sga-noun-UjZ6ZiKx",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":fri<to>"
},
"expansion": "[with fri ‘to’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"fri",
"‘to’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"reference [with fri ‘to’]"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʲɾʲeθ/"
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
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"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛːθ",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛːθ/1 syllable",
"enm:Air",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Life",
"enm:Music",
"enm:Smell",
"enm:Sounds",
"enm:Units of time"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brethen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "breath"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breith"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "braith"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breath"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "braeth"
}
],
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"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
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},
{
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},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "breath"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "braeth"
}
],
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"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
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}
],
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{
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
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},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English brǣþ, from Proto-West Germanic *brāþi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brethes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breeth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breeþ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breith",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþ",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "braþe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "brethþ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "breyth",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breað",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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},
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],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
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],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
38
]
],
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[
33,
39
]
],
"english": "And when Zephirus with his sweet breath / has inspired in every holt and heath […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:",
"text": "Whan zephırus eek wᵗ hıs sweete breeth / Inſpıred hath ın euerẏ holt and heeth",
"translation": "And when Zephirus with his sweet breath / has inspired in every holt and heath […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"Breathing; the act of respiration or an instance of it:",
"Air expelled from breathing."
],
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[
"Breathing",
"breathing"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"Air",
"air"
],
[
"expel",
"expel"
],
[
"breath",
"breath"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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"Life (as indicated by breathing)"
],
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[
"Breathing",
"breathing"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"Life",
"life"
],
[
"indicat",
"indicat#English"
],
[
"breath",
"breath#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Breathing; the act of respiration or an instance of it:",
"Speaking; a spoken sound."
],
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[
"Breathing",
"breathing"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"Speaking",
"speak"
],
[
"spoken",
"spoken"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any small movement of air:",
"The emission of air from a brass instrument."
],
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[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"emission",
"emission"
],
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"brass instrument",
"brass instrument"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any small movement of air:",
"A breeze or gale; a wind movement."
],
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[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"breeze",
"breeze"
],
[
"gale",
"gale"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A short moment; the amount of a breath."
],
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"moment",
"moment"
],
[
"amount",
"amount"
],
[
"breath",
"breath"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Passion, fervour; emotional intensity."
],
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[
"Passion",
"passion"
],
[
"fervour",
"fervour"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"intensity",
"intensity"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Vapour, steam, or smoke."
],
"links": [
[
"Vapour",
"vapour"
],
[
"steam",
"steam"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"odour",
"odour"
],
[
"olfactory",
"olfactory"
],
[
"sensation",
"sensation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/brɛ̝ːθ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/breːθ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛːθ"
}
],
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}
{
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"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Air",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Life",
"enm:Music",
"enm:Smell",
"enm:Sounds",
"enm:Units of time"
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"etymology_number": "2",
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"word": "bredthe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of bredthe"
],
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[
"bredthe",
"bredthe#Middle_English"
]
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}
],
"word": "breth"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
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{
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{
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],
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],
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{
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"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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"word": "brithem"
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{
"word": "tairmbreth"
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],
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{
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *britis. The declension switched from i-stem to ā-stem by analogy with bert (“bundle”), which is the foundation of the verbal nouns of all derivatives of beirid.",
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{
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"class"
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "brithe",
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]
},
{
"form": "breth",
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]
},
{
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},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
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"dative",
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]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
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},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
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]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
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]
},
{
"form": "breth",
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"tags": [
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"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "mbreth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
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"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
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]
}
],
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
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"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
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"3": "",
"4": "",
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"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
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"g2": "",
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},
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},
{
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],
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"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "brith+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "bretha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "brith+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "brethaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "brethaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "brith+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "breth+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "breth+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "brithe+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "brith+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "bretha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "breth+L",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "brith+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "bretha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "breth+L",
"voc_sg2": "brith+L",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish verbal nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "carrying, bearing",
"word": "beirid"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of beirid: carrying, bearing"
],
"links": [
[
"beirid",
"beirid#Old_Irish"
],
[
"carrying",
"carrying"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"judgement"
],
"links": [
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reference"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":fri<to>"
},
"expansion": "[with fri ‘to’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"fri",
"‘to’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"reference [with fri ‘to’]"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʲɾʲeθ/"
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
Download raw JSONL data for breth meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"breth"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "breth",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.